Golfer’s Elbow

Golfer’s elbow is most often caused by overuse. Repetitive motions of the wrist and forearm place stress on the tendons, leading to tiny tears. Over time, these small injuries can build up and cause pain and inflammation. Activities that involve repeated gripping, lifting, throwing, or swinging are common triggers. While golf swings can contribute, other activities such as baseball pitching, weightlifting, and even certain work tasks can lead to the condition.

Many everyday jobs can increase the risk. People who use tools like hammers, screwdrivers, or paintbrushes frequently may be more likely to develop golfer’s elbow. Typing for long periods with poor wrist positioning or performing repetitive assembly line work can also contribute. Even hobbies like gardening or knitting can place strain on the forearm tendons if done for extended periods without rest.

There are also personal factors that can increase risk. Being over the age of 40 is associated with a higher likelihood of tendon wear and tear. Poor conditioning, weak forearm muscles, and lack of flexibility can make the tendons more vulnerable. Improper technique during sports or exercise is another key risk factor. For example, using incorrect form when lifting weights or gripping a golf club too tightly can increase stress on the inner elbow. In some cases, sudden increases in activity level, such as starting a new workout routine without gradually building strength, can trigger symptoms.

The most common symptom of golfer’s elbow is pain and tenderness on the inside of the elbow. This pain may start gradually and worsen over time, especially with continued use of the arm. It can sometimes spread along the inner forearm toward the wrist. The discomfort may be mild at first but can become more noticeable during activities that involve gripping, lifting, or twisting motions.

Many people also experience stiffness in the elbow, making it harder to fully bend or straighten the arm. Weakness in the hand and wrist is another common symptom, which can make simple tasks like shaking hands, opening jars, or holding objects more difficult. Some individuals notice increased pain when making a fist or flexing the wrist.

In certain cases, there may be a tingling or numb sensation that travels into the ring and little fingers. This happens because the nearby nerve can become irritated along with the tendon. Symptoms are often worse after activity and may improve with rest, but without treatment, they can become more persistent and interfere with daily routines.

Diagnosing golfer’s elbow typically begins with a detailed medical history and physical exam. Your Accelerate Orthopedic clinician will ask about your symptoms, daily activities, and any sports or work tasks that involve repetitive arm movements. Understanding how and when the pain started helps identify whether overuse is the likely cause.

During the physical exam, the provider will check for tenderness along the inner elbow and may gently press on the area to locate the source of pain. They may also ask you to perform certain movements, such as bending your wrist or gripping an object, to see if these actions trigger discomfort. These simple tests help confirm that the tendons on the inside of the elbow are involved.

In most cases, imaging tests are not needed to diagnose golfer’s elbow. However, if symptoms are severe, not improving, or if another condition is suspected, additional testing may be recommended. An X-ray can help rule out bone-related problems, such as arthritis or fractures. Ultrasound or MRI imaging may be used to get a closer look at the tendons and assess the extent of any damage.

Accurate diagnosis is important because other conditions, such as nerve compression or ligament injuries, can cause similar symptoms. A clear diagnosis ensures that the right treatment plan can be developed to relieve pain, promote healing, and prevent the condition from returning.

Golfer’s elbow is a common and treatable condition that results from repeated strain on the forearm tendons. Recognizing the early signs and addressing risk factors can make a significant difference in recovery. With proper care and guidance, most people can return to their normal activities with improved strength and reduced pain.