Patellar Tendonitis
What is the patellar tendon?
The patella, commonly called the kneecap, is a small, triangular bone located at the front of your knee. It sits within the tendon of the quadriceps, the large muscle at the front of your thigh. The patella acts like a shield, protecting the knee joint, and it also plays a key role in knee movement by improving the leverage of the quadriceps when you straighten your leg.
The patellar tendon connects the bottom of the patella to the top of the shinbone, or tibia, and helps transmit the force from your quadriceps to your lower leg. When this tendon becomes inflamed or irritated, it leads to a condition known as patellar tendonitis, sometimes called “jumper’s knee.”
Patellar tendonitis usually develops gradually, often from repetitive stress rather than a single injury. Activities that involve frequent jumping, running, or sudden changes in direction can place extra strain on the patellar tendon. Athletes in sports like basketball, volleyball, soccer, and track are particularly susceptible.
Risk factors include overuse, poor technique, weak or tight thigh muscles, and sudden increases in training intensity. Other factors such as being overweight or having flat feet can also contribute to excess stress on the tendon. Age can play a role too. Younger athletes may experience growth-related changes that make the tendon more vulnerable, while older adults may have a tendon that is naturally less elastic and more prone to injury.
Patellar tendonitis often begins with mild discomfort, which may progress if not addressed. The primary symptom is pain directly over the patellar tendon, usually just below the kneecap. This pain often worsens with activity, especially jumping, running, or climbing stairs, and may improve with rest. Swelling or thickening of the tendon can sometimes be noticed. In more severe cases, stiffness and weakness in the knee may develop, making it difficult to perform normal activities. Some people report a burning sensation in the knee, while others may feel the tendon snapping or tightening during movement. Symptoms can vary in intensity and may fluctuate depending on activity level and the stage of the condition.
Diagnosing patellar tendonitis typically starts with a detailed discussion of your symptoms and activity history. Your doctor will ask about the type of pain, when it occurs, and how it affects your daily activities or sports performance.
A physical exam will focus on the knee, checking for tenderness at the patellar tendon, swelling, and pain when the knee is bent or stretched. Your doctor may also assess your leg strength and flexibility to identify contributing factors.
Imaging tests are sometimes used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions. An ultrasound can show thickening or tears in the tendon as well as a detailed view of the surrounding tissues, and any potential structural damage. Early diagnosis is important because addressing patellar tendonitis promptly can prevent the condition from worsening and reduce the risk of chronic knee problems.
Patellar tendonitis is a common overuse injury that can affect athletes and active individuals alike. Understanding the role of the patella, recognizing the risk factors, identifying early symptoms, and seeking timely diagnosis are essential steps in managing this condition. With proper care and attention, most people can recover fully and return to their regular activities.
Our orthopedic surgeons are board-certified and fellowship trained to give you the best care available. When you or a loved one has knee pain and dysfunction, call Accelerate Orthopedics to schedule a consultation to receive the care you deserve.
